Method of hydrocarbon conversion



pears to be possessed of silica gel, naturally Patented July 28, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD OF nrnRocAnBoNcoNvmsmN Vladimir A Kalichevsky Woodbury, N. J.,

and George F. Homaday, assiznors to Socony-Vacllum Oil Company, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application December 22, 1939,

) a Serial No. 310,569

- 1 Claim. (01.- 196-52) This invention is directed toimprovements in vapor phase catalytic cracking resulting in significant and marked changes in'the of the products arising therefrom. 1

This invention is particularly directed to those processes of vapor phase catalytic cracking,

ing of alumina and silica, having'the nature of properties v pellets, or granules consista hydrated aluminum silicate. The vapors, in

passage through said mass are converted to a large extent to material of gasoline boiling range, of desirable high' octane-value, a portion of the material remaining essentially the same as the charge. mainder of the charge is converted into gaseous hydrocarbons and into a small amount of cokey material which remains upon the contact mass and is periodically burned oil by a regeneration which may be insitu.

The material which is used as a catalyst apa physical capability of promoting reaction instead of a chemical capability and this ability is distributed in varying degrees through wide variety of materials, natural, partially processed, and synthetic, which in general are of the clay type, comprising in their composition alumina, silica, or both,

unchanged and of properties The ,re- I such as fullers earth, Filtrol clays, bauxite,

generally related to fullers earth, acid washed adsorbent clays and other partially processed clays, and mixtures thereof.

The material which action zone apparently without substantial change is known as recycle stock. This invention has specifically to do with a modification of the operation which produces unexpected and marked changes in this recycle stock.

As pointed out previously, the normal recycle stock is a gas oil, not unlike theoriginal charge in physical properties. For example in an operation conducted at 875 F. and 30# per square occurring adsorbent clays and many synthetic aluminates, silicates,

passes through the re-'v inch gauge pressure, to produce about 32% of gasoline of 400 F. end point and about 58% of recycle stock 'turnwas a recycle stock derived from one similar treatment of gas oil from Oklahoma City crude, the properties of the charge and of the recycle stock produced therefrom were as follows:

I --Table 1 Charge Recyclestock 33.4 30.8 ?3%-ff:::: 15 1o Aniline N0., 102 131 Sulphur, percent wt..- 0. 16 0. l8

Fins .M.), 224 214 Carbon residue, percent wt. 0. 03 0. 00

B S. k W percent win" 0.02 'lnee s U.visc 1 F.,sec. 41.s Lessthsn39 L B. r 433 as 50 an m 60" m m 1 a a also 021 101 070 90.0 sec This invention is based upon th discovery that unexpected and marked results flow from the introduction or small amount :0: halogens,

particularly gaseous chlorine into the stream of vapors entering the catalytic mass. Without substantial change'in the yields of either gasoline or cycle stock,- and without substantial change in the nature of the gasoline produced, marked changes in the viscosity of the recycle stock are observed. For example, when introducing into the charge 0! the above operation 0.2% by weight of chlorine, the viscosity oi the recycle stock is increased about threefold. Also,

there are brought about significant increases in the cetane number or the recycle stock. It is quite obvious to those skilled in the art that this aiIords an avenue for the treatment of hydrocarbons or great potential value, particularly when it is remembered that it is coupled with a type of cracking of advanced capabilities. To show the effect-of this operation, Table 11 contrasts the newly produced recycle stock with the previously mentioned normal-recycle stock,

from a charging; stock which in Table II We claim:

That method for the conversion or petroleum Recycle hydrocarbons comprising vaporizing hydrocar- Normal fifi horns of high boiling point, superheating said stock using 6 vapors and passing them while so superheated fg gg through a claylike catalyst mass to accomplish a substantial cracking of the high boiling hydrogmitoy, 10 3M carbons to hydrocarbons or low boiling point of our, 1 o 15 the nature or gasoline wherein a small amount sm h&&; m" P 10 oi chlorine is added to said vapors prior to cong tact with said catalyst, producing a normal Bi s-6 2$ 333223.? Trace T252: amount of uncracked high boiling hydrocarbon agw g which is substantially increased'in viscosity while Damnation As'r'fi rZ 5 remaining otherwise substantially unchanged, :3 13g g 15 and removing a portion at least or said uncracked 480 497 high boiling hydrocarbon as a product or the g; g; process.

524 532 VLADIMIR A. KALICHEVSKY.

% GEORGE F. HORNADAY.

:iass 

